It is a mediumsized, spiny, deciduous tree that typically. Read the species description of maclura tinctoria or use the link above to download a pdf version. It includes the inedible osage orange, which is used as mosquito repellent and grown throughout the united states as a hedging plant maclura is closely related to the genus cudrania, and hybrids between the two genera have been produced. Maclura pomifera is a deciduous tree growing to 15 m 49ft by 12 m 39ft at a medium rate. Pdf chemical analysis and study of phenolics, antioxidant. Osageorange has been introduced into most of the conterminous united states and has become naturalized throughout much. This page was last edited on 3 october 2018, at 15.
Maclura pomifera english forest products laboratory. Lcdadesims was used for identification of constituents in the most active fraction. Orobol, steppogenin, aromadendrin, dihydromorin and orobol 7o. Maclura pomifera osage orange, bois darc pfaf plant database. Some native species produce seeds with low germination percentage and in most cases with dormancy, which makes the appearance of new individuals by sexual propagation difficult. New compounds macluraxanthone b 1, macluraxanthone c 2, and dihydrocudraflavone b. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. The species is dioecious individual flowers are either male or female, but only one sex is to be found on any one plant so both male and female plants must be grown if. An excellent, if rather terse, guide to the traditional medicinal uses of. Maclura is considered to be one of the most dependable trees for use in the harsh environs of the southern great plains. Maclura products is an industry leader in small batch, highquality osage orange products that are sourced locally from the. Morphology and anatomy of the developing fruit of maclura. Maclura pomifera osage orange is a thorny, dioecious tree, native to a narrow band near texas and arkansas, and widely planted throughout north america and southern canada for windbreaks and fence posts.
Please note that this is a trial program and may end. This page was last edited on 18 december 2019, at 17. We consider the dark green, thick, and glossy leaves to also be exceptional over typical species seedlings. Pdf prenylated flavonoids from maclura tinctoria fruits. Maclura tinctoria in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. The organic extract of the plant maclura tinctoria exhibited moderate antihiv activity. The 11fo organic extract prepared from maclura tinctoria leaves had the smallest mic, and therefore, it was chosen for later assays. Extracts from native atlantic forest tree species were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against s. The genus name maclura is after william maclure 17631840, and american geologist, while the species epithet pomifera means bearing pomes or apples, in allusion to the large, spherical fruits. White shield osageorange is even more meritorious because its nearly thornless.
A collection of images of maclura pomifera, osage orange. According to bancroft, two different woods bear in england the name of fustic, one the product of the tree just mentioned, distinguished as old fustic, probably from the greater. Morphology and anatomy of the developing fruit of maclura tinctoria, moraceae. Leaves oblong to elliptic, mostly 38 cm long with a short acute apex, glabrous. Maclura tinctoria has been considered an endangered species due to extensive use of its wood and low frequency of. North america 1, with the rest in tropical america and africa. The yeast community of sap fluxes of costa rican maclura. Department of agriculture agricultural research service. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. This belt includes portions of the blackland prairies, chiso mountains, and the red river drainage.
Evidencebased complementary and alternative medicine hindawi. In rivercane basketweaving among southeastern tribes, butternut juglans cinerea and yellow root xanthorhiza simplicissima provide a rich yellow color. An organic extract from maclura tinctoria leaves showed the lowest mic 0. The purpose of this investigation is to present a detailed description of the fruit development, specially by. Twelve species previously classified in other genera are sometimes included in this genus. Hivinhibitory prenylated xanthones and flavones from. The objective of the present study is to establish an in. Pdf a phytochemical investigation of maclura tinctoria fruits yielded five flavonoids, including one prenylated flavonol licoflavonol. Maclura tinctoria has been considered an endangered species due to extensive use of its wood and low frequency of seed germination. Abstract morphology and anatomy of the developing fruit of maclura tinctoria, moraceae.
Coumarins, flavonoids, essential oils, saponins, tannins and triterpenessteroids were detected in the 11fo extract. Prenylated flavonoidenriched fraction from maclura tinctoria. The genus name maclura is after william maclure 17631840, and american geologist, while the species epithet pomifera means bearing pomes or apples, in. Plant propagation protocol for maclura pomifera esrm 412 native plant production fig. Osageorange is native to a narrow belt in eastern texas, southeastern oklahoma, southwestern arkansas, and the extreme northwest corner of louisiana. Maclura pomifera, commonly called osage orange, is native to river valleys and rich bottomlands in arkansas, oklahoma, texas and louisiana, but has been widely planted in a variety of environments throughout the united states, and has naturalized in many areas, particularly east of the mississippi river. It produces a yellow dye called fustic primarily known for coloring khaki fabric for u. Compound 14 was shown to have bacteriostatic 156, antihypertensive 157, antiinflammatory, and antioxidant effects 158.
The only studies found in the literature involving chemical analysis of maclura tinctoria species refer to the isolation and identification of flavonoids, xanthones, flavones, and chalcone. Maclura article about maclura by the free dictionary. It has a very widespread distribution, and is known to be. We do not intend the plant list to be complete for names of infraspecific rank. Maclura, fatoua, ficus macrophylla, morus nigra, maclura tinctoria, broussonetia papyrifera, lorbeerfeige, ficus microcarpa. The genus maclura contains about 12 species native to. Antifungal chalcones from maclura tinctoria request pdf. Eleven samples yielded seven hitherto undescribed ascomycetous yeasts in the genera candida and myxozyma.
Some native species produce seeds with a low frequency of germination accompanied with a period of dormancy. In this study, the macromolecular constituents and total phenols compounds as well as the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of this wood were evaluated. Local people have long utilised this tree for a variety of purposes, particularly for the wood which is a source of dyes and timber, but also for medicinal purposes. Osageorange maclura pomifera may have played more significant roles at pivotal points in north american history than any other single tree species. Seven prenylated phenolic derivatives were isolated from the active fractions and characterized by spectroanalytical methods. Prenylated flavonoidenriched fraction from maclura tinctoria shows. Osageorange or hedgeapple is a dioecious separatesexed tree that can reach 50 feet in height and 2 feet in diameter. Plant regeneration from callus cultures of maclura tinctoria, an. A downloadable pdf document of a book in prepublication awaiting illustration. In this context, the objective of the present study was to establish an in vitropropagation methodology for this species. Plant regeneration from callus cultures of maclura tinctoria. The osage orange is a dioecious deciduous tree, up to 20 m tall.
Maclura pomifera is considered a pest plant in italy and is. The plant list includes a further 11 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the genus maclura. Apni provides a link to the australian plant name index hosted by the australian national botanic gardens for comprehensive bibliographic data the avh map option provides a detailed interactive australia wide distribution map drawn from collections held by all major australian herbaria participating in the australian virtual herbarium project. Maclura pomifera osageorange maclura tinctoria fustictree legal status. Access is allocated within two business days of purchase and lasts one year. Maclura pomifera, a dioecious tree species, is recognized by its orange.
Hivinhibitory prenylated xanthones and flavones from maclura. These features make it difficult to produce new phenotypes through sexual propagation. Don ex steudel was selected for the present study due of its economic and medicinal importance. Maclura, fatoua, ficus macrophylla, morus nigra, maclura tinctoria, broussonetia papyrifera, lorbeerfeige, ficus microcarpa, artocarpus, maclura pomifera. Maclura tinctoria is a large tree or shrub found across most of the neotropics from mexico to argentina. Morin 14 is a phytochemical of the class flavonol found in several medicinal plants including maclura pomifera, maclura tinctoria moraceae, and psidium guajava myrtaceae 156. The plant list includes 36 scientific plant names of species rank for the genus maclura.
The plants database includes the following 2 species of maclura. Morphology and anatomy of the developing fruit of maclura tinctoria. Micropropagation of maclura tinctoria l an endangered woody. Plant regeneration from callus cultures of maclura. Smithsonian tropical research institutemaclura tinctoria. The maclura tinctoria has been considered an endangered species due to the indiscriminate use of its wood and low rate of seed germination. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Phylogeny and biogeography of maclura moraceae and the origin of an anachronistic fruit. The board of trustees of the royal botanic gardens, kew.
For more multimedia, look at maclura tinctoria on wikimedia commons. Chitimacha basket weavers have a complex formula for yellow that employs a dock. Jul 29, 2019 the 11fo organic extract prepared from maclura tinctoria leaves had the smallest mic, and therefore, it was chosen for later assays. Sep 05, 2014 this page was last edited on 18 december 2019, at 17.
The maclura tinctoria has been considered an endangered species due to. Osageorange maclura pomifera produces no sawtimber, pulpwood, or utility poles, but it has been planted in greater numbers than almost any other tree species in north america. Maclura pomifera has become naturalized in areas where it has been planted. This plant produces a milky sap that is a dermal, or skin. Seven flavonoids, including two new natural products, were isolated from an ethanol extract of the bark of maclura tinctoria l. Micropropagation of maclura tinctoria l an endangered. Moraceae, growing in the west indies and south america. Maclura tinctoria, commonly known as old fustic or dyers mulberry is a medium to large tree of. Antioxidant chalcone glycosides and flavanones from maclura.
Evidencebased complementary and alternative medicine. Fustic chips, chlorophora tinctoria, or maclura tinctoria, natural dye. Maclura tinctoria, commonly known as old fustic or dyers mulberry is a medium to large tree of the neotropics, from mexico to argentina. Some botanists recognize a more broadly defined maclura that includes species. It includes the inedible osage orange, which is used as mosquito repellent and grown throughout the united states as a hedging plant. Phytochemical prospecting and bioactivityguided fractionation of maclura tinctoria. Maclura pomifera hawaiian ecosystems at risk project hear. Draft plant propagation protocol university of washington. Compound 14 was shown to have bacteriostatic 156, antihypertensive 157. The objective of the present study is to establish an in vitro. Maclura tinctoria pdf maclura tinctoria is a large tree or shrub found across most of the neotropics from mexico to argentina. Don ex steud has one of the highest qualities among the coefficients for brazilian woods up to 9.
Allometric relationships and reforestation guidelines for maclura tinctoria, an important multipurpose timber tree of latin america. Known also as hedge, hedgeapple, bodark, boisdarc, bowwood, and naranjo chino, it made agricultural settlement of the prairies. In fact, the saga of this one tree intertwines with westward expansion and its aftermath. It is in flower from may to june, and the seeds ripen from september to december. Prenylated flavonoids from maclura tinctoria fruits article pdf available in quimica nova 366. No one has contributed a brief summary to this page yet. Maclura is a genus of flowering plants in the mulberry family, moraceae.
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